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# Introduction libibverbs is a library that allows programs to use RDMA "verbs" for direct access to RDMA (currently InfiniBand and iWARP) hardware from userspace. For more information on RDMA verbs, see the InfiniBand Architecture Specification vol. 1, especially chapter 11, and the RDMA Consortium's RDMA Protocol Verbs Specification. # Using libibverbs ### Device nodes The verbs library expects special character device files named /dev/infiniband/uverbsN to be created. When you load the kernel modules, including both the low-level driver for your IB hardware as well as the ib_uverbs module, you should see one or more uverbsN entries in /sys/class/infiniband_verbs in addition to the /dev/infiniband/uverbsN character device files. To create the appropriate character device files automatically with udev, a rule like KERNEL="uverbs*", NAME="infiniband/%k" can be used. This will create device nodes named /dev/infiniband/uverbs0 and so on. Since the RDMA userspace verbs should be safe for use by non-privileged users, you may want to add an appropriate MODE or GROUP to your udev rule. ### Permissions To use IB verbs from userspace, a process must be able to access the appropriate /dev/infiniband/uverbsN special device file. You can check the permissions on this file with the command ls -l /dev/infiniband/uverbs* Make sure that the permissions on these files are such that the user/group that your verbs program runs as can access the device file. To use IB verbs from userspace, a process must also have permission to tell the kernel to lock sufficient memory for all of your registered memory regions as well as the memory used internally by IB resources such as queue pairs (QPs) and completion queues (CQs). To check your resource limits, use the command ulimit -l (or "limit memorylocked" for csh-like shells). If you see a small number such as 32 (the units are KB) then you will need to increase this limit. This is usually done for ordinary users via the file /etc/security/limits.conf. More configuration may be necessary if you are logging in via OpenSSH and your sshd is configured to use privilege separation.